Learn to spot causes and fix toxic air from damp materials. Improve your indoor air for a healthier, safer home.

Head of Content, D. Gorenko
Updated June, 5

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Immediate Actions to Reduce Toxic Air Risks
Personal Protection and Safety Measures
Essential Tools and Materials
Assessing the Situation and DIY vs. Professional Help
Who to Call When Professional Help is Needed
Additional Safety and Insurance Considerations
Step-by-Step Remediation Process
Mold Growth
Damp materials create the perfect conditions for mold to grow. Mold releases spores and mycotoxins that can pollute the air. When moisture is trapped in walls, ceilings, or floors, mold can spread quickly. These spores are very small, making them easy to breathe in, and they can cause respiratory irritation, allergic reactions, and other health issues.
Bacterial Growth
Moist environments not only favor mold but also allow bacteria to thrive. Bacteria can produce volatile compounds that contribute to toxic air. When water infiltrates porous materials, it creates a breeding ground for these microorganisms. The emissions from bacterial colonies can mix with other pollutants, making the indoor air quality unhealthy.
Chemical Off-Gassing from Damp Building Materials
Many building materials naturally emit volatile chemicals, a process called off-gassing. When these materials become damp, the process can accelerate. Dampness can break down components in wood, drywall, insulation, or adhesives, leading to higher emissions of toxic organic compounds. These chemicals can react with each other in a moist environment, creating new compounds that degrade the air quality.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Their Reactions
VOCs are emitted not only by mold and bacteria but also by damp materials themselves. Many paints, sealants, and adhesives contain VOCs that may increase in concentration when the material is wet. As these compounds disperse into the air, they contribute to a toxic environment. In closed spaces without proper ventilation, even low levels of VOCs can accumulate and become hazardous.
Environmental and Structural Factors
Factors such as poor ventilation, water leakage, and high humidity can worsen the toxic air problem. Damp conditions are often a sign of larger issues in the building envelope or plumbing systems. In buildings where air circulates poorly, the trapped moisture enables continuous growth of mold and bacteria, leading to ongoing emissions of toxic substances. Homeowners in St. Louis and Nashville may notice that older buildings or those with history of water damage are particularly prone to these issues.
Interactions Between Materials and Dampness
When dampness interacts with various building materials, it can create chemical reactions that would not occur in a dry environment. For example, moisture can alter the chemical makeup of insulation or sealants, releasing unexpected volatile compounds. These interactions not only degrade the material but also produce byproducts that lower the quality of the indoor air.
Accumulation of Multiple Pollutants
Often, toxic air is the result of several factors acting together. The combination of mold spores, bacterial emissions, chemical off-gassing, and VOC reactions can result in a potent mixture of pollutants. Each individual factor may seem minor, but together they can lead to significant health risks. The cumulative effect of these pollutants creates the toxic air observed in damp environments.
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SERVING
Brentwood, MO
1025 Hanley Industrial
Brentwood, MO 63144
Nashville, TN
45 Willow St.
Nashville, TN 37210

St Louis Location
(314) 664-3011
St Louis Location
1025 Hanley Industrial Brentwood, MO 63144
Nashville Location
(615) 515-3015
Nashville Location
45 Willow St Nashville, TN 37210
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