/Hurricane-Consequences

Common Fireplace Issues After Severe Weather

Discover how to fix fireplace backdrafting and uncover its causes for a safer, more efficient home.

Reviewed by Content Team

Head of Content, D. Gorenko

Updated June, 5

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How to Fix Fireplace backdrafting

 

Immediate Steps to Take

 
  • Immediately stop using the fireplace and any combustion appliances if you experience backdrafting. This is important to reduce the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.
  • Open windows and doors to introduce fresh air into your home while keeping a close eye on weather conditions.
  • Check that the damper is properly opened before starting any fire and closed when the fire is out.
  • Ensure that any nearby combustible materials are safely stored away from the fireplace area.

 

Tools and Materials Needed

 
  • A flashlight or portable light for checking dark corners in the chimney or fireplace.
  • A carbon monoxide detector to monitor levels continuously during this troubleshooting process.
  • A set of basic hand tools (screwdriver, wrench) for adjusting components if accessible and deemed safe.
  • Inspection mirror and a small brush to clean out soot and debris in accessible areas.
  • If needed, a masonry sealant or chimney cap replacement kit, which may be necessary to address cracks or blockages in the chimney system.

 

Assessing the Homeowner’s DIY Ability

 
  • If you have basic home maintenance skills and a good understanding of your fireplace system, you might be able to perform initial diagnostics and simple fixes (like cleaning and adjusting damper settings).
  • However, backdrafting often indicates more complex issues such as obstructions, pressure imbalances, or structural issues within the chimney. These should be examined by a professional.

 

When to Call a Professional

 
  • If initial troubleshooting does not resolve the backdrafting, it is essential to contact a qualified chimney specialist or HVAC technician.
  • For residents in St. Louis and Nashville, companies such as Hoffman Brothers offer full-service residential and commercial repair services that specialize in fireplace and chimney issues.
  • A professional can conduct a thorough inspection, including checking for ventilation issues and structural flaws that might not be visible to the untrained eye.

 

Safety Warnings and Insurance Tips

 
  • Backdrafting is a serious issue; always err on the side of caution because exposure to carbon monoxide can be life-threatening.
  • Always ensure your carbon monoxide detectors are in working order and placed near sleeping areas.
  • Follow manufacturer instructions for any repairs and do not bypass safety mechanisms on your fireplace and chimney systems.
  • If you plan to have a professional perform repairs, verify that they carry proper licenses and insurance. This protects you from liability if an accident occurs during the repair process.
  • Document any repairs and keep receipts for insurance or future resale purposes.

 

Summary and Recommended Approach

 
  • Begin by stopping the use of the fireplace and ventilating the home, then inspect and clean accessible parts of the system with basic tools.
  • If the issue persists or you’re unsure of the underlying cause, promptly call a professional chimney sweep or HVAC expert to prevent dangerous conditions.
  • Always adhere to safety measures and double-check that repairs comply with local building and fire codes.

What Could be Causing Fireplace backdrafting

 

Wind and Weather Conditions

 
  • Strong Winds: High winds or sudden gusts can push outside air down the chimney. When the air pressure outside becomes stronger than inside the fireplace, it forces smoke and gases back into the room.
  • Temperature Inversions: Cold air can settle near the ground during an inversion. This may lead to little to no upward push for smoke, causing it to enter the living space instead.

 

Chimney Design and Structural Issues

 
  • Chimney Height and Flue Size: An improperly sized chimney or a flue that is too short can reduce the natural upward draft. This weak draft fails to expel the smoke properly.
  • Chimney Liner Damage: Cracks or deterioration in the chimney liner can disturb the flow of gases. This can lead to incomplete combustion and a mixture of indoor and outdoor air.

 

Blockages and Obstructions

 
  • Debris and Creosote Buildup: Leaves, animal nests, or excessive creosote accumulation can block the flue. These obstructions impede the upward movement of smoke, causing backdrafting.
  • Obstructed Chimney Cap: A damaged or missing chimney cap allows wind and rain to enter, disturbing the normal draft. This also makes it easier for outside air to reverse the smoke flow.

 

Negative Indoor Pressure

 
  • Exhaust Systems: Powerful exhaust fans, kitchen range hoods, or bathroom fans can create a vacuum effect within the home. This negative pressure pulls air down the chimney, opposite to the intended direction of smoke extraction.
  • Sealed Homes: Modern energy-efficient windows and doors, while excellent for keeping energy costs down, can also limit the natural supply of replacement air. Without sufficient fresh air entering the home, the resulting pressure differences can draw fireplace gases indoors.

 

Temperature Differentials and Convection

 
  • Cold Air Infiltration: In colder months, the dense, cold outdoor air can be heavier than the warm air inside, which may cause a reverse flow through the chimney.
  • Stack Effect Variance: Differences in the temperature between the inside and outside of your home create a natural draft. If the natural draft is weakened by smaller temperature differences, it can sometimes reverse during periods of rapid temperature change.

In some older homes found in St. Louis and Nashville, these factors may be even more evident due to aging infrastructure and design limitations.

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